In this study, a new sign for clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis is introduced. The study was performed on a sample of 250 cases simply selected from the patients with acute appendicitis admitted to Al-Zahra Hospital of Isfahan. Before operation, the patients were evaluated for this sign in order to. assess its predictive value in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Following the intervention, the appendix was sent to the department of pathology to confirm the diagnosis. Abdominal examinations prior to operation included checking the superficial and deep tenderness, rebound tenderness, Rovsing and the new sign. To check the new sign, while the patient was lying in a supine position, then the physician places his left hand below the right costovertebral angle and inflicts a few short thrusts on the flank. In case, the patient feels pain in front of the lower abdomen, and with his/her hand locates the pain, it will be considered as a positive sign. Then predictive value, sensitivity and specificity of the new sign in diagnosing acute appendicitis were assessed. For comparison of the qualitative variables chi-test and for the quantitative variables Hest were employed. The results showed that sensitivity of the new sign is 67%, its specificity is 35%, its negative predictive value is 32% and its positive predictive value is 72%. This new sign here after named (BEHDAD SIGN) can, along with other signs, helps to diagnose acute appendicitis.

Swastika is an ancient symbol that has appeared in many cultures around the world, but its origin is still obscure. Some believes that it is s sign of the Indo-Europe people, therefore chosen by Hitler as an anti-Sami symbol during WWII. Not only this sacred sign has not an anti-Sami symbol but also not a sign exclusive to the Indo-Europe culture. This sign as we will show in this article is a heavenly sign sacred to all cultures of the northern hemisphere before the migration to Indo-Europe people. Even used in parts of the ancient world which had no contacts with other parts of the worlds. In this article we will introduce the oldest Swastikas and will study its origins.

Background: Increased right ventricle-to-left ventricle (RV/LV) ratio on computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) has been reported as a poor prognostic indicator in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). It has also been reported that pulmonary vein sign (PVS) on CTPA is a rare finding of PE. Objectives: To evaluate PVS on CTPA and unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with PE suspicion. We also aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of PE and presence of PVS, RV/LV ratio and combination of these two on unenhanced MRI. Patients and Methods: One-hundred-twelve patients with PE suspicion who underwent CTPA and unenhanced-MRI [steady state free precession (SSFP)] within the first 48-hours constituted the study group. All CTPA images were evaluated for the presence, location and severity of PE by observer-1. Two observers (observer-2 and 3), independently evaluated unenhanced-MR images for the presence of PVS without knowing the results of CTPA. Then, these 2 observers reviewed the CTPA and MRI images together with observer-4 to reach the final consensus for the presence of PVS and measurement of RV/LV ratio. Cohen’ s Kappa analysis was used to assess the agreement between observers. Relationship between the mean PE index and imaging findings (PVS, RV/LV) were calculated. Results: Presence of PVS on CT or MRI is significantly correlated with PE index and patients with PVS had more severe PE than those without. Presence of both PVS and RV/LV ratio > 1 on MRI indicates more severe pulmonary embolism than absence of PVS or RV/LV ratio > 1. There was a very good agreement for the detection of PVS between two observers on unenhanced MRI. Conclusion: PVS on CTPA or unenhanced MRI can be used as a sign of severe PE and it may also be an indicator of right heart dysfunction.

Background and Objective: Anxiety disorder is the common psychiatric disorder. This research studies the first words said by patients which finally help in diagnos by psychiatrist.Materials and Methods: This research was an analytical cross-sectional study. We studied 200 admitted patients to Asad Abadi medial center that was diagnosed one of anxiety disorder via DSM-IV criteria. Finally data were analyzed by SPSS 11 software and Chi-square, t-test and One Way ANOVA tests.Results: In this study the phobia was shown in 3.8%, panic disorder in 19.9%, GAD in 15.1%, agoraphobia in 2.1%, obesity disorder in 20.5%, post stress anxiety disorder in 2.7% and social phobia in 3.1%. The mean of time between start of symptoms and admitted by physician was 30.88 month. Family history was positive in 58.3%. Somatic disorder was in 16.6%. The most common symptoms in these patients were anxiety (24.9%) and tremor in hand and foot (20.9%).Conclusion: "Darikhma" is an Azari word (equivalent of gloominess). Some physicians know it as cheerlessness or restlessness. In this study there is significant relationship of Darikhma with Panic disorder in addition of depression meaning of the word. There was no relationship between it and other anxiety disorder even there was a reverse relation between it and GAD.

According to the dominant view in linguistics, the relationship between signifier and signified is basically conventional and arbitrary. In this article we are going to claim that in home sign languages there are some degrees of motivation. To do this, we have collected the signs of a home signer through interview sessions within two years. After that, the signs and the potential relations between signifiers and signifieds have been analyzed. All the similarities or any kind of meaningful relation between signifiers and signifieds have been pointed out and a list of motivation devices has been presented. The research shows that there is a logical and meaningful relation between almost all the signifiers and the corresponding signifieds which can be clearly seen in the light of motivation devices.

Woolly poplar aphid, Phloeomyzus passeriniii Sign., is considered to be a major insect pest of poplar trees in Iran. This aphid causes serious injury to poplar trees in Hamadan province. In this study, stable population parameters of woolly poplar aphid P. passerinii were evaluated in growth chamber on twelve poplar clones of four species namely, Populus alba (p.a), Populus nigra, Populus del/oides and Populus x euramericana. A poplar cut from each clone was infested with a single newly born aphid, and the reproductive processes were recorded in a controlled condition 21± 1 Celsius, 60-70% RH, and photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D). Subsequently, the experiment was carried out with 18 replications and the aphid fecundity and death rate was recorded until the end of lifespan. Thereafter, stable population parameters were calculated on each clone. The aphids could not reproduce on a number of clones including, P. alba 58/57, P. deltoides 72/51 and P. euramericana 214, showing the immune response in these clones. Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) (0.38) and net reproductive rate (Ro) (62.72 nymph per female) on p.n 56/72 was higher than remaining clones. The rm on p.n 47/13, p.n 56/32, p.n 74/1 and p.n 75/2 were about 0.26-0.34, and the varied within 23.67- 41.00, which these clones were semi susceptible. However, rm and R0 on the resistant clone (p.d missoriensis) was 0.03 and 1.39. Other stable population parameters of the aphid such as gross reproductive rate, mean generation time, doubling time, intrinsic death rate, intrinsic birth rate and finite rate of increase were also calculated on different clones.

Background: The halo sign and reverse halo sign are two computerized tomography scan views based on the placement of ground glass opacity. These two views have various differential diagnoses, but infections are known to be the most important differential diagnosis in both views. Lung adenocarcinoma, one of the deadliest tumors of both genders, can be included in the differential diagnosis. Nevertheless, we decided to report this case since both of these features were present in the same patient. Case Presentation: A 51-year-old man presented with gradual symptoms such as shortness of breath and myalgia, with a history of smoking and coronavirus disease 2019. In his computerized tomography scan, two views of the halo sign and the reverse halo sign were seen along with other lesions. In further investigations, due to his lack of recovery, a biopsy was prepared. Finally, with a definitive diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma, we treated the patient appropriately. Conclusion: When a patient presents with a halo sign and reverse halo sign on a computerized tomography scan and has a smoking history, it is necessary to take a biopsy of the observed lesions to rule out primary lung carcinoma.